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    • 专利摘要:
    docking station for wireless docking with a docking element in a shared radio spectrum environment using a radio standard with a transmitter sensitivity mechanism for communications, and wireless docking system in a shared radio spectrum environment . a wireless docking system in a shared radio spectrum environment includes a docking station (220) configured with a radio (224) connected to an antenna (222), a docking element (210) configured with a radio (214 ) connected to an antenna (212) and using a radio standard with a transmitter sensitivity mechanism for communications with the docking station, and a system for reducing the sensitivity of the transmitter sensitivity mechanism to at least one of the radio (214) of the docking element (210) and the radio (224) of the docking station (220).
    公开号:BR112014018745B1
    申请号:R112014018745-2
    申请日:2013-01-28
    公开日:2020-12-15
    发明作者:Koen Johanna Guillaume Holtman
    申请人:Koninklijke Philips N.V.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [001] This invention relates to wireless docking and, more particularly, to a wireless docking station with transmitter sensitivity control for improving and optimizing link performance.
    [002] A wireless standard, such as Wi-Fi, can be used to support wireless docking. Wi-Fi works over an open frequency band (ISM), so Wi-Fi connections may be subject to interference from other users on the same channel, for example, other Wi-Fi users. To avoid a break in communications due to this interference, Wi-Fi is designed to share the channel when having all devices using the CSMA (transmitter sensitivity multiple access) mechanism. This mechanism ensures that all devices, varying with each other, take turns sending packages.
    [003] Figure 1 shows an environment in which elements for docking A 110 and E 130, docking stations B 120 and D 140, a Wi-Fi router 150, and a laptop 160 are using the same wireless channel C. Limit 180 indicates a variation in which fitting element A 110 can capture a signal from another device using channel C. This is a simplification, since the variation may be different, depending on the type and transmission power settings of the others. devices. For docking element A 110 docked in a docking station B 120 using wireless channel C, this means that when docking element E 130, docking station D 140, router 150, or laptop 160 are actively using the same wireless C channel (or a partially overlapping channel), which is in range 180 of the A 110 docking element, its use of the channel will cause performance degradation for the A 110 docking element, as compared to performance when not present other active users. This is due to the fact that the transmitter sensitivity mechanisms on docking element A 110 and docking station B 120 will distance each other using channel C, if they detect that another device is using the channel. This degradation can cause, for example, degradation in the screen refresh speed, which would make it impossible to comfortably watch a video through the wireless docking connection, although it may not cause a complete loss of the connection. MULTIPLE TRANSMITTER SENSITIVITY ACCESS (CSMA)
    [004] Suppose that the A 110 plug-in element in Figure 1 is a general purpose device, such as a mobile phone, using an 802.11n radio (‘Wi-Fi n’). Under normal circumstances, the variation in which the A 110 plug-in transmitter sensitivity mechanism will capture signals could be indicated by area 180. The transmitter sensitivity (or transmitter detection) mechanism in a device must be with 802.11n, as the plug-in element A 110, avoid transmissions by the device if any of the following situations are real: 1. A radio signal encoded according to the Wi-Fi standard is detected on the channel, with a signal strength of at least X db. 2. Any signal is detected on the channel, with a signal strength of at least X + Y db. (that is, the signal must be significantly stronger than in the first condition).
    [005] The exact values for X and Y, in the case of 802.11n, can be found in section 20.3.22.5 of the IEEE 802.11n-2009 standards document. For some signal encoding in some previous Wi-Fi standards, the second condition does not always need to be implemented.
    [006] The two conditions above mean that transmissions by any of the devices 130, 140, 150, and 160 may cause the A 110 docking element to wait before accessing the channel, causing a performance degradation in the communication between the plug-in element A 110 and plug-in station B 120.
    [007] A particular problem is that a general purpose 802.11n radio implementation, as expected to be present in the A 110 docking element, will respect the above restrictions even when a device can transmit, even if the A 110 docking element itself is transmitting at low energy. For example, the restrictions will still apply, even if the docking element A 110 transmits at a low energy, which is strong enough to be understood by the nearby docking station 120, but too low to cause a Z << X signal strength. on the antennas of the most distant devices 130, 140, 150 and 160, thereby making it very unlikely that this transmission will interfere with the simultaneous use of the C channel by devices 130, 140, 150 and 160. The Wi-Fi standard (and most wireless standards) was not designed with the special case of radio communication over a very short distance in mind. Thus, common implementations of these Wi-Fi standards typically do not make exceptions to optimize channel usage when implemented according to the example above. A certification regime, according to the standard, can even disable devices from making certain exceptions.
    [008] One way to improve performance in the situation in Figure 1 is to isolate the A 110 docking element and the B 120 docking station from its environment by wrapping them, for example, in a faraday cage. However, this is not a practical solution for the wireless docking case. Another way to improve performance is to ensure that most devices in the area use different channels that do not overlap. However, the number of channels available for use by 802.11n radios is limited, so this is only a partial solution at best. For example, in an open-plan office building, assuming a docking station per table (per employee), and an average floor space of 5x5 meters per employee, then, within a 50x50 meter grid around a single docking station, 99 other docking stations can be found on the same floor. If channel-bound 802.11n is used, there will only be a few 10 channel pairs that do not overlap to choose from. This means that, in an office environment, Figure 1 presents a realistic, perhaps even optimistic, representation of other devices within the range, under the assumption that only devices that use the same channel are presented.
    [009] US 2007/0120752 discloses a laptop suitable to be detachably attached to an external docking device. The laptop includes a first antenna, a second antenna, a third antenna provided in a predetermined position on the main body, which is closer to the first antenna than the second antenna when the main body is attached to the docking device, and a second unit radio communication that is provided in the main body, and communicates by radio with the docking device s when using the third antenna, when the main body is docked with the docking device.
    [010] Rakesh Kumar Jha revealed, in a document at the 2010 ITU-T Kaleidoscope Academic Conference intelligent, a physical layer of WLAN interference by generating continuous high energy noise in the vicinity of wireless receiver nodes.
    [011] In the document “Adaptive CSMA for Scalable Network Capacity in High-Density WLAN: A Hardware Prototyping Approach,” by Zhu, J. Metzler, B. Guo, X. Liu, Y., at: INFOCOM 2006, 25th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications, Proceedings, the above problem is described and it is suggested that, in dense WLAN environments, the high sensitivity of the transmitter sensitivity mechanism may be a performance problem. A solution is proposed to solve the problem is that the devices in question use a built-in transmitter sensitivity level (CAA) adaptation algorithm (figure 3 in the document) to move towards a higher limit (stronger signal strength) for the transmitter sensitivity mechanism. Figure 11 (a), in the document, presents, for a test in an open plan office presented in figure 9 of the document, the performance improvements achieved using this technique. However, if applied to wireless docking, this technique needs special hardware and software components on both the docking element and the docking station. In addition, you need a complex control loop between the docking element and the docking station to achieve an optimal configuration. This technique is complex and expensive to implement and is not easily adapted to existing wireless devices.
    [012] Contrary to the aforementioned, certain achievements described here implement transmitter sensitivity control, so that the plug-in element is less sensitive in detecting transmitter signals from other devices. Advantageously, the docking element can communicate more easily with the docking station without interference from transmissions by other devices. In one embodiment, a noise signal is generated to cause background noise in an area, so that only signals from nearby devices are strong enough to reach above that floor. In another embodiment, a signal absorber is used to reduce the signal strengths that pass through the absorber, so that only signals from nearby devices are strong enough to reach the transmitter detection limit. In another embodiment, the transmitter detection limit on the docking element and / or the docking station is high, so that only signals from nearby devices are strong enough to reach that limit.
    [013] Advantageously, several embodiments described here do not have any mechanism incorporated in the element for fitting that makes the transmitter detect a mechanism of the element for fitting using a different limit. The limit is reduced by a mechanism external to the locking element. Second, if a mechanism on the plug-in element is used, that mechanism does not use a control loop, as proposed in the document mentioned above, to achieve an optimal configuration for the limit when using the properties of the radio environment. In contrast, the concept of physical fit is used as a discriminator between the insertion of a 'normal' transmitter sensitivity regime and a modified transmitter sensitivity regime. This avoids having to implement a fail-safe mechanism, which is complex in the design of a control loop, so that it cannot adversely affect other channel users in the event of a control loop failure.
    [014] By applying an embodiment of the invention described here, the variation, as shown in Figure 1, in which the plug-in element A 110 can capture a signal from another device using, for example, the C channel, is reduced , as indicated by the minor variation marked 190. Thus, even if there is Wi-Fi or other devices in the variation that use the C channel and / or an overlay channel, there will be improved performance of the connection between the docking element and the fitting. This can be particularly desirable if many wireless docking stations are all in close proximity to one another in a single room or area, for example, in a web café or in an open plan office.
    [015] Certain achievements here, advantageously, allow the C channel to be used, even if there are Wi-Fi devices (or others) in the variation that use the C channel and / or an overlay channel, thereby maximizing the performance of the link between the plug-in element A 110 and the plug-in station B 120.
    [016] Certain achievements here achieve maximum performance, preferably with minimal hardware or software changes to the A 110 fitting element and, in some embodiments, without software changes. The invention relies, in part, on the fact that it is possible to control the transmitter sensitivity mechanism of (at least some) Wi-Fi chipsets by external software - that is, these mechanisms are not completely permanently encoded in the firmware. .
    [017] In one embodiment, the invention relates to a docking station for wireless docking with a docking element in a shared radio spectrum environment, where the docking element is configured with a radio connected to an antenna using a radio standard with a transmitter sensitivity mechanism for communications, the docking station including: a radio connected to an antenna; and a noise generator; where the noise generator transmits noise, or transmits another signal that masks transmissions in the radio pattern, so that, within an area around the docking element, the signal from the noise generator does not prevent transmissions by the station's radio Dockers are detected or received by the docking element radio, but are strong enough to reduce the ability of the docking element's transmitter sensitivity mechanism to detect transmissions by other devices in the shared radio spectrum environment.
    [018] In another embodiment, the invention relates to a docking station for wireless docking with a docking element in a shared radio spectrum environment, where the docking element is configured with a radio connected to an antenna using a radio standard with a transmitter sensitivity mechanism for communications, the docking station including: a radio connected to an antenna; and a radio absorber having a slot for insertion of the fitting element, so that, by inserting the fitting element, the radio absorber substantially surrounds the antenna of the fitting element, in which the radio absorber is made of a radio-absorbing material to absorb the energy of radio signals.
    [019] In another embodiment, the invention relates to a wireless docking system in a shared radio spectrum environment, in which a docking element is configured with a radio connected to an antenna using a radio pattern with a mechanism transmitter sensitivity for communications, and the docking station is configured with a radio connected to an antenna; the plug-in system further comprising: a first radio modification module for alternating the operation of the plug-in radio between at least a first mode and a second mode; a sensor for detecting the physical fit between the fitting element and the fitting station; and a control system configured to change the mode of the first radio modification module, depending at least on the sensor readings.
    [020] In general, the various aspects of the invention can be combined and united in any way possible, within the scope of the invention. The subject that is treated as the invention is particularly highlighted and claimed differently in the claims, at the conclusion of the specification. The aspects of previous and other advantages will be apparent from the detailed description below, considered in conjunction with the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [021] Figure 1 shows multiple wireless devices that use the same channel or overlay channel.
    [022] Figure 2 shows an element for docking with a docking station, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [023] Figure 3 shows signal strengths in relation to the boundary and undocking limits, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [024] Figures 4 (a) and (b) show signal strengths before and after the noise signal is added, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [025] Figures 5 (a) and (b) show, respectively, signal strengths before and after a radio absorber is added, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [026] Figure 6 shows an element for docking with a docking station, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [027] Figure 7 shows a radio absorber in a docking station, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [028] Figure 8 shows signal strengths in relation to the normal and modified limits, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [029] Figure 9 shows an element for docking with a docking station, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [030] Figure 10 shows the process flow of a first scenario of operations, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [031] Figure 11 shows the process flow of a second scenario of operations, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [032] Figure 12 shows the process flow of a third scenario of operations, according to an embodiment of the invention.
    [033] Figure 13 shows the process flow of a fourth scenario of operations, according to an embodiment of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ACHIEVEMENTS WIRELESS FITTING
    [034] Wireless docking uses wireless technologies to connect portable devices, such as cell phones, laptops, etc., to typically fixed docking environments. These portable devices are called a docking element or wireless docking element. The wireless docking environment gives the docking element access to peripherals, such as a large screen, a keyboard, a mouse, and input / output ports that can be used to enhance the end user experience and productivity when interacting with applications that run on the fitting element. An example of wireless docking is giving a cell phone user the ability to use a larger screen, such as a TV or PC monitor, when interacting with an application, such as an email client or a web browser, that runs on the cellphone.
    [035] To perform wireless docking, the docking element connects wirelessly to one or more wireless docking stations, also known as wireless docking hosts, in order to gain access to peripherals in the docking environment wireless. In the simplest case, the wireless docking environment is achieved by having, in one location (in a living room, on an office desk, etc.), a single wireless docking station, to which peripherals, such as TVs , PC monitors, keyboards, etc. are all connected. In a specific example, a wireless keyboard, Bluetooth and a USB webcam could be connected to a docking station in order to become part of a docking environment. Thus, the docking element would be connected to the wireless keyboard and USB webcam after docking with the docking station.
    [036] In practical terms, Wi-Fi will be the most logical wireless protocol to allow the wireless docking between the docking station and the docking device, as many as docking devices (possible) with built-in Wi-Fi support. However, a complete wireless docking system that aims to ensure cross compatibility between devices and cross between manufacturers between different docking elements and docking stations in a user-friendly manner is additionally defined by a set of mechanisms or protocols between docking elements and stations devices that perform an easy and convenient automatic Wi-Fi connection configuration between the docking element and the docking stations, and their associated peripherals.
    [037] In the wireless docking environment, the state of 'being docked', for example, the docked state, in this context, is the state in which a docking element has access to all peripherals in the wireless docking environment, or at least all peripherals in the wireless docking environment that the docking element has chosen to access. Grouping many peripherals into a single wireless docking environment and then allowing the user to connect the element to dock all peripherals in the wireless docking environment when initiating a single 'docking' action is the concept main feature to enable ease of use. The ‘not docked’ state is a state in which there is no access to any of the peripherals in the wireless docking environment. Preferably, the fitting and unhooking procedures are both as automatic as possible, requiring minimal user intervention and minimal prior configuration by a user.
    [038] A docking station could be realized in several ways. It could be a single-purpose device, specially designed, or it could be, for example, a PC running some software applications, which may have some extra hardware included to make the fitting more convenient and / or efficient. An HD TV could also have built-in functionality to act as a docking station. One design option is considered for all these classes of docking stations is to equip the docking station with a support structure, in which the docking element can be placed. The placement of the element to fit the support structure, in general, will have the effect of triggering a fitting action. Another option is to equip the docking station with a docking block, a surface on which the docking element can be established. Again, the setting action would trigger a snap action, at least when the snapping element is in the disengaged state before the setting action.
    [039] Equipping a docking station with a support structure, block or other demarcated area has the advantage that if a single room or single area in a building contains many docking stations, all within the possible range of wireless, there will be an easy way for a user to indicate which wireless docking station and environment the user wants to dock.
    [040] Another triggering action can be to use a menu on the element device for docking. For example, in a living room, when a user is sitting in a chair with the locking element device in his hand, it would be convenient to trigger a docking action with a docking station that is not within arm's reach, when use a menu on the element to fit. Additional triggers to start from an un docked to a docked state include (a) scanning an NFC (Near Field Communication) indication on a docking station for a docking element; (b) press a specific button on the docking element or the docking station. A maximally useful wireless docking pattern allows many of these types of triggering actions, thereby giving device manufacturers and end users the choice to select what is most convenient for them.
    [041] To create maximum user-friendliness, triggering a 'disengagement' action would not always be reversed to a triggering of a 'engagement' action. For example, a dock can be initiated automatically by the user who places a cell phone docking element in a docking block. However, it may not be convenient if the detachment happens automatically when the user picks up the phone to answer a call. A Wi-Fi connection between the phone and the docking station can only be maintained, as well as when the user has picked up the phone from the docking block. However, in some cases, the production of the call can suffer when the phone is removed from the docking block, for example, by the user blocking a direct signal path with his body.
    [042] If a fitting element is placed in a fitting block, positioned on a support structure, or placed by the user in an area (physically marked or only known to exist) that is associated with a fitting station or storage environment fitting, the fitting element is considered to be in the state of being 'physically engaged'. If a docking element enters the state of being physically docked, it can trigger a docking action, resulting in the docking element also becoming logically docked. If the locking element leaves the state of being physically engaged, the locking element could not necessarily stop being logically engaged.
    [043] Physical fitting can be done by a user for several reasons, and several of these reasons can be applied at the same time: 1. To trigger a logical fitting process. 2. To ensure that the docking element is connected to a power source, for example, wireless charging when placing a phone on a charging block. 3. To optimize or make the quality of wireless communication between the docking element and the docking station / docking environment more predictable. The quality (speed, latency) and predictability of the communication, then, will all have an impact on the usefulness of the combination of the element for fitting with the peripherals in the fitting environment. 4. To create an entry to a security mechanism, so that (a) the fitting process can proceed more safely and / or (b) the fitting process can omit some steps of the security dialog that the user would have to cross, otherwise, when in logical fit from a distance. Wireless connections can be subject to indirect attacks by which a (remote) shooter with the correct equipment can personify being a docking element for a docking station, or a docking station for a docking element. Although well-known mechanisms, such as person identification number (Bluetooth) code authentication, can reduce the chance of successful attacks, they are not easy for the user to use. Physical fit with a detection mechanism for physical fit that is difficult for a remote intermediate shoelace to influence is, therefore, an important way to improve security, without losing user ease of use.
    [044] Several important process elements are identified for the process leading from an undocked to an embedded state. These process elements do not have to occur in a fixed order, nor do they always have to occur for each type of planned fitting process. Some of these elements are: 1. A trigger or initiation mechanism / event that begins the docking process, where that trigger can select a single wireless docking environment within multiple wireless docking environments that are all within the wireless range. 2. The creation of one or more wireless connections securely between the docking element and docking station (s) or other elements in the docking environment, with the initialization of these secure connections that generally rely on relationship creation / detection mechanisms that protect against an indirect attack. 3. The selection of ideal wireless interface protocols and configurations for use in communications to and from peripheral functions in the embedded state, for example, Wi-Fi channel. NOISE BUBBLE
    [045] A docking station, according to an embodiment of the invention, is shown in Figure 2. The B 220 docking station is equipped with a P 222 antenna. Although the antenna on the docking station can be in different shapes, depending on , for example, the shape and size of the docking station in which the antenna resides, in a preferred embodiment, that antenna is formed to be integrated with a block covering the top of the docking station, and the docking element is placed directly over the block.
    [046] The B 220 docking station is also equipped with a R 224 radio connected to the P 222 antenna. In certain embodiments, an N 226 noise generator is also connected to the P 222 antenna, so that the N 226 noise generator transmit a noise signal on channel C towards the antenna of the A 210 docking element. The N 226 noise generator does not need to be connected to the P 222 antenna, but can be connected to the other antenna, if available, at the docking station.
    [047] The plug-in element A 210 includes a radio 214 connected to an antenna 212. Optionally, in certain embodiments described below, the plug-in element A 210 includes a dynamic traffic energy control (TPC) mechanism 218.
    [048] When docking, a relationship is created when the docking element A 210 is placed close to the antenna P 222 of the docking station B 220. Since “placed close” is in comparison to distances to the antennas of all other devices in the environment wireless. The “proximity” required to create the docking relationship is affected by: 1. the antenna P 222 being physically close to the docking element A 210, and / or 2. the antenna P 222 being directional towards the docking element A 210 , and / or 3. the antenna P 222 and radio R 224 being configured to detect only very strong signals, so that only the signal from the element to fit close to A 210 is strong enough to be detected. This can be implemented in hardware and / or software, for example, with a mechanism that involves a feedback loop to determine the best configuration.
    [049] Note that the proximity of the plug-in element A 210 and the plug-in station B 220 and / or the directionality of the P 222 antenna allows the provision of high connection between the plug-in element and the plug-in station, as compared to situations standard WiFi usage, and as compared to the provision of connection between docking element A or docking station B and any of the other devices in the wireless environment. This provision of comparatively high binding is exploited in some embodiments of the invention.
    [050] Advantageously, in the configuration of Figure 2, with the locking element A 210 being physically engaged, the CSMA mechanism on the radio R 224 of the docking station B 220 will correctly delay transmissions by the docking station B 220 if the docking element A 210 is sending, but will not delay a transmission if any other wireless devices in the wireless environment are sending, due to transmissions by those other wireless devices being below the R 224 radio detection limit.
    [051] As shown in Figure 3, the detection limit for a docked state can be modified to be greater than the detection limit for a docked state. Due to the signal of the plug-in element A being greater, due to the close proximity and / or the direction of the antenna P of the docking station B, even if the detection limit is high in the docked state, the docking station B can still detect transmissions by the plug-in element A. Transmissions by other devices, such as E and F, shown in Figure 3, are not detected in the docked state, but would otherwise be detected in the disengaged state.
    [052] In one embodiment, to raise the detection limit to an embedded state, noise generator N 226 sends noise on channel C towards the antenna of the insert element A 210. Figure 4 (a) shows the power of signals to the docking station B and other devices E and F received at the docking element A 210 before the noise is generated. Figure 4 (b) shows the signal strengths for the docking station B and other devices E and F received in the docking element A 210 after the generation of noise. As shown in Figure 4 (b), this noise has the beneficial effect of raising the noise background for the radio in the fitting element A 210 to a level at which it meets or exceeds the signal strengths received from other devices E and F. This makes the radio in the A 210 docking element unable to detect transmissions from other E and F devices, while still capable of detecting B transmissions.
    [053] As shown in Figure 2, with the addition of noise generation, the signal detection variation of the element for fitting A 210 decreased from variation 280 to variation 290. Thus, the element for fitting A 210 is in a ' noise bubble 'created by the B 220 docking station.
    [054] The 'noise bubble' described above allows the CSMA on the radio of the docking element A 210 to delay transmissions by the docking element A, if the docking station B 220 is sending, but will not delay a transmission if any of the others wireless devices in the wireless environment are sending, due to transmissions by those other wireless devices being masked by noise.
    [055] As a result of the above radio antenna and noise bubble configuration, the A 210 docking element and the B 220 docking station can utilize the full spectral capability of the C channel, even where other devices are in the normal range 280 fitting element A 210.
    [056] In some embodiments of the A 210 plug-in element, the radio 214 is configured so that a high background of noise generated by the noise generator N 226 is not interpreted as the presence of enough energy (modulated) in the channel, ie , the presence of a radio that uses an unknown channel modulation to the plug-in element A. This interpretation would cause the CSMA mechanism in the plug-in element A, if it is incorporated, for example, according to the 802.11n standard, delay transmission, possibly indefinitely. Therefore, in another embodiment, the plug-in element A is configured to avoid making these misinterpretations when using a transmitter signal discrimination method. In another embodiment, the noise generator N 226 is configured so that the noise background is not raised to very high, which causes the locking element A 210 to delay the transmission.
    [057] Note that the purpose of noise generator N is to generate a disturbance signal with a certain amplitude that prevents the plug-in element A 210 from detecting transmitter signals from other devices, except for plug-in station B. In a realization, the disturbance signal is white noise. Other disturbance signals are also contemplated, since many modulated signals (without noise) will also work, as long as these signals are not interpreted by the plug-in element A as Wi-Fi transmitter signals.
    [058] The noise generator preferably limits its production to generate a disturbance in channel C, or part of channel C, to achieve this effect, although leakage out of channel C will not interfere with the correct functioning of the above achievements. The applicable laws and regulations may, however, limit the frequencies at which the noise generator creates a (significant) signal, for example, leakage outside the ISM bands needs to be low.
    [059] In another embodiment, the optional dynamic traffic energy control (TPC) mechanism 218, as shown in Figure 2, is implemented. The TPC 218 is configured to control radio 214 from plug-in element A 210 to transmit in a low power configuration. The low-energy setting is high enough that the radio 224 on the B 220 docking station can decode messages, but not much larger. The TPC 218 will reduce undue interference by plug-in element A via other wireless devices in the wireless environment.
    [060] Note that for the 802.11a Wi-Fi standard, TPC is mandatory in the 5 GHz band in the European Union (EU), and is implemented according to the 802.11h standard. Wi-Fi 802.11g and 802.11n have built-in TPC mechanisms, but their use is not mandatory, although the mechanisms are implemented in most common WiFi hardware and software. The Wi-Fi TCP mechanism is described in IEEE 802.11-2007.
    [061] For an implementation based on Wi-Fi, preferably, the plug-in element A 210 has its TPC mechanism enabled, and one or more of the following mechanisms is used in the B 220 docking station: 1. The docking station supports Wi-Fi TPC reporting, with reporting content, in particular, the reporting margin, filled in to support the above transmission power configuration. 2. The docking station supports Wi-Fi TPC reporting, with energy restriction element content, at the maximum local transmission energy for the channel, populated to support the above transmission power configuration. Note that the maximum local transmission power filled will generally be much less than the maximum transmission power enabled under regulatory restrictions.
    [062] According to another embodiment, the docking element and docking station adjust transmission energy levels using a specialized pre-arranged protocol that is not part of the Wi-Fi specification. This protocol can also be used to tune parameters different from transmission energy. For example, some radios have tunable levels in their CSMA mechanisms or in their pre-amplification stages - these levels could be adjusted to maximize the link provision, while minimizing the potential impact on other C channel users.
    [063] In another embodiment, the noise generator N 226 and antenna P 222 are configured to ensure that the noise signal received by other devices in the area is relatively small - below the signal strength of the other devices that are communicating. This can be achieved by: 1. the antenna P 222 of the docking station B 220 being directional, so that it does not send signals to devices other than the docking element A 210, and / or 2. The antenna P 222 and the generator N 226 noise signals being configured, in hardware and or software, possibly with a mechanism that involves a feedback loop to determine the best configuration to send only a weak signal, so that only the A 210 proximity element is strongly affected by noise. This ensures that the other devices are not subject to undue interference by the B 220 docking station.
    [064] In one embodiment, the P 222 antenna is a directional antenna having an N 226 noise generator connected. The B 220 docking station also has general purpose omnidirectional antennas (not shown) without a connection to the noise generator, ie the same type of antennas as the general Wi-Fi device or access point, so the docking station B 220 can make an ideal connection with the docking element by means of omni-directional general purpose antennas, if the docking element is not placed directly on top of the docking station. If there are many active users on the C channel, this longest variant connection will actually have a degraded performance compared to the connection via the P 222 antenna.
    [065] Note that a beam targeting antenna is a directional antenna whose direction can be changed electronically, without physically moving the antenna elements. In one embodiment here, with a beam targeting antenna, an N 226 noise generator could be combined with a beam targeting antenna on the B 220 docking station to allow high performance docking over long distances, even while the antenna in the insert element A 210 remains omnidirectional. The beam targeting of a noise signal, as described above, is easier than the beam targeting of the Wi-Fi signal. In one embodiment, the docking station will be equipped with a beam targeting antenna for the noise, but the Wi-Fi signal will be transmitted and received using a normal antenna, or using beam targeting, via the same or other antennas, with a wider beam. DAMPING FOAM
    [066] In another embodiment here, the docking station is equipped with a radio absorbing element, so that the radio signals are attenuated to the extent that only signals from nearby devices are strong enough to reach the level of transmitter detection. Illustratively, Figure 5 (a) shows an example of radio signals without the radio absorber. The signal strengths of docking station B and other devices E and F in the wireless environment are all above the detection limit of the docking element. When a radio absorber is used as shown in Figure 5 (b), the signal strengths received at the docking element decrease, so that only the signal from the nearby docking station is strong enough, even, for its attenuated signals to reach the limit of transmitter detection and signal encoding.
    [067] In one embodiment here, a plug-in support structure is configured with shielding or radio-absorbing materials. However, a problem with the shielding / radio absorption support structure design is that to create good shielding, the support structure needs to fit the shape of the fitting element (for example, a specific cell phone model) as exactly possible. If there are gaps, then the shielding and / or damping effect is reduced. This means that different models of support structures are needed for different models of phones, or that an end user has to do some customization in the support structure after purchasing it.
    [068] Figure 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a docking station, according to an embodiment of the invention. The docking station, realized as a docking support structure 620 includes an antenna 622 that communicates with the antenna 612 located on the docking element 610. When a docking station is realized as a support structure, it can be mentioned as a docking support structure. The plug-in support structure 620 has a foam element 630 in which the plug-in element 610 fits snugly, so that the foam element 630 substantially surrounds the antenna 612. The plug-in station can also include a shield 640.
    [069] The foam element 630 is made of a general purpose foam material that absorbs radio waves (the energy of radio waves) that pass through it. In one embodiment, the foam can also be deformed to a certain extent. There are several manufacturers that make foam material with these properties, for example, TDK ™ and ARC Technologies ™. The typical current use of this foam is to align the walls of anechoic radio test chambers. This foam is manufactured by mixing a conductive material (for example, carbon particles) with a polystyrene foam agent. The radio waves entering the foam create currents in the conduction material, with this current then being dissipated in the heat, due to the internal resistance of the material.
    [070] In one embodiment, the foam element is somewhat flexible, allowing it to deform to give an airtight fit close to a variation of element shapes for fitting. Figure 7 shows a more detailed realization of the foam shape, where the foam element 730 can deform when being compressed, but also when folding outwards, to the housing space 710. Because the foam element 730 can be compressed and folded , different shapes and sizes of docking element devices can be accommodated in slot 770 and can still provide substantial absorption of external radio signals that could reach the docking element antenna. The foam 730 can be fixed in place, for example, by glueing at points of glue 750 at the bottom of the housing space.
    [071] Note that Figures 6 and 7 show that the gap 790 (the gap) in the non-deformable material 780 constituting the upper cover of the support structure, if the material with this gap 790 is present, it should be slightly larger than the initial crack 770 in the foam in its undeformed configuration. The slot 790 at the top must be dimensioned to accept the size of the element for maximum intended fit; the non-deformed configuration of the gap in the foam must be dimensioned to completely surround the element size for the minimum predicted fit. The foam element, or the set of foam elements, is preferably constructed to keep the locking element well centered within the top cover slot when the locking element is inserted, creating a visual 'cleaning' effect which is valuable to the user. In one embodiment, the shielding element 640 in Figure 6 is made of a radio reflective material, for example, sheet metal. Note that this shield element is optional, since the foam element also functions as an antenna efficiency reduction device, without a separate shield element, by absorbing most of the radio energy from the waves that pass through it. Shielding material 640 can be used, however, to improve the overall efficiency of the antenna efficiency reduction effect, especially if a desired goal is to save the volume of foam material required. By reflecting back most of the radio waves that enter through the foam back into the foam, the foam gets an additional chance to absorb energy, which could not be absorbed previously.
    [072] Note that some radio absorption foams on the market have conductive layers built into them. If this foam is used in an embodiment, then the shielding element can be said to have been partially incorporated into the foam.
    [073] Note that the configuration in Figure 6 may not achieve a complete reduction in the antenna efficiency for the fitting element A, that is, a complete reduction to zero of the sensitivity of the A radio to signals outside the foam. Some of these external signals can be captured by the part of the plug-in element A that is placed outside the support structure, and these signals will generally be conducted towards the radio circuit. However, the foam element creates a reduction in antenna efficiency that is high enough to be valuable in practice.
    [074] In addition to reducing transmitter sensitivity for the docking element, the foam element can reduce interference from signals sent from the docking element's antenna and possibly the docking station's antenna, as shown by other devices in the wireless environment. Advantageously, the comfortable fit and shielded radio environment created by the foam element can allow the docking station to more accurately detect the 'physical fit', and the antennas of the docking element and the docking station can also be more precisely aligned with each other. RADIO MODIFICATION MODULE
    [075] In another embodiment of the invention, a radio modification module (RMM) is inserted into the plug-in element which obtains a targeting signal with at least two configurations: 'normal' and 'modified'. The 'normal' configuration means that the radio must behave according to the common rules and practices of the communication scheme (for example, Wi-Fi), and the 'modified' configuration, which is associated with the docking element, being physically embedded, as explained in detail below, means that the transmitter sensitivity mechanism on the radio must be modified in addition to what is normally applicable in the communication scheme, where the modification includes at least one of: (a) disabling the sensitivity mechanism of transmitter entirely, or (b) make it much more sensitive to transmitter signals (for example, setting the sensitivity limit at a higher signal strength).
    [076] Figure 8 illustrates the situation of an embodiment in which the sensitivity limit is adjusted to a higher signal strength level by RMM. Therefore, the docking element, which can detect signals from docking station B and other devices E and F using the normal limit, will no longer be able to detect signals from devices E and F when the modified limit is used for transmitter sensitivity. .
    [077] In one embodiment, the targeting signal is adjusted depending on the specific project and / or user preference. For example, before docking, the target signal is set to 'normal', then, after physical docking, the target signal is set to 'modified' and then the target signal is set back to 'normal' 'after undocking.
    [078] In one embodiment, when physical docking and / or the RMM is in the modified configuration, the transmission energy of the docking element radio is set to be less than necessary to cover the entire wireless environment, but high enough to reach at least one docking station antenna.
    [079] In another embodiment, a similar or symmetrical RMM is used to control the docking station radio, so that the docking station is able to communicate over long distances with the docking element when the docking element is physically undocked, but still logically docked.
    [080] Figure 9 shows a wireless docking system, according to an embodiment of the invention. The system includes a 910 docking element with a 916 radio connected to a 918 antenna, and a 920 docking station with a 926 radio connected to a 928 antenna. In this example, the radios are operating according to the 802.11 Wi-Fi standard n. However, other wireless standards are also applicable. Docking station 920 has a 930 sensor for detecting physical fit. In this example, physical docking is the action of placing the docking element on top of the docking station, so that the sensor detects the presence of an object placed on top of the docking station. The sensor cannot detect that the object is a real docking element, much less the identity of the docking element, so in addition to this sensor, measurements of radio signal power are used (as explained below) in order to create a intelligent system. In another embodiment, the 930 sensor may not be using any hardware that detects the physical presence of an object, but the sensor relies purely on measurements of radio signal strength. In another embodiment, the sensor 930 uses sensitivity hardware or signal generation hardware within the docking element 910 in addition to the hardware on the docking station 920, or uses hardware that is placed exclusively on the docking element 910.
    [081] As indicated by the 950 coupling line, there is wireless communication between the two antennas 918 and 928, which allows the control units 912 and 922 to communicate with each other to achieve the fit - this higher level communication between Control systems are presented with the 960 line. Specifically, this communication allows the control unit 912 in the fitting element 910 to be informed if a physical fit is detected, or if the physical fit stops being detected.
    [082] Elements of RMM 914, 924 were added to both the docking element 910 and the docking station 920, in this embodiment. The RMM elements 914, 924 are configured to receive signals from their respective control units 912, 922. The signals can be at least selected from 'normal' and 'modified'. If the signal to the RMM is 'modified', then that RMM changes the settings on the posted radio 926/916 to: (a) increase the transmitter sensitivity limit compared to the normal Wi-Fi setting, which is preferably only the transmitter sensitivity is made before transmitting packets addressed to the docking element or docking station counterpart, and (b) reducing the signal strength used for packet transmissions over the radio (compared to the normal configuration used for Wi-Fi) preferably, only for the transmission of packets addressed to the docking element or docking station counterpart. The use of RMM elements allows transmitter sensitivity control with minimal software changes to the docking element, so that some realizations of the invention can be implemented by making a system software improvement on a docking element that is built as general-purpose Wi-Fi device using standard technology. This can be achieved as it is possible to control the transmitter sensitivity mechanism of at least some Wi-Fi chipsets by external software, without having to have the radio modification module completely encoded permanently in the chipset firmware.
    [083] The docking station 920 may include a display peripheral 940, so that display data on the docking element can be displayed on the display peripheral 940 after docking.
    [084] The operation of this system is further illustrated by the following examples of operational scenarios and the associated protocols. Figure 10 shows the operation process for a first scenario, according to an implementation. At the beginning 1010, the signal is 'normal', and the RMMs adjust the respective radios to the normal configuration. In the beginning, the docking element is not yet attached, and it is not placed on top of the docking station. The user now places the element for fitting over the top of the docking station, signaling the intention of physical and logical fitting.
    [085] The control system inside the docking station detects the presence of an object on top of it, using the sensor in the 1020 detection loop.
    [086] In 1030, the control system uses its radio to broadcast a request in a predetermined format over a predetermined Wi-Fi channel, according to the wireless docking standard. The request introduces any device capable of being a plug-in element that is in the communication variation to send a response back, stating its identity and also the signal strength with which the request packet was received.
    [087] In 1040, the plug-in element, being a device that listens to the predetermined channel above, responds as described above.
    [088] In 1050, the control system docking station receives the response, as well as a second response from the farthest docking element, and selects the response that indicated the strongest signal strength for the received request packet, obtaining, with this, the identity (for example, Wi-Fi MAC address) of the docking element that the user wanted to physically dock. The signal strength can be used here to measure the proximity to the docking station. Other ways of measuring proximity when sending signals, using more than a single request packet, are also possible, and could sometimes be preferred, because they can offer greater accuracy.
    [089] In 1060, the docking station then informs the element for docking, using its radio, addressing it by its identity, which has been physically docked, and that the logical docking can also proceed.
    [090] In 1070, a 'modified' signal is sent to RMMs, and RMMs modify the configuration on the radio. The docking element and docking station work together to complete the logical docking process.
    [091] In 1080, the docking element is now able to send data to the docking station, for example, display data to the display peripheral administered by the docking station.
    [092] This improves the performance of the plug-in communication link, because the radios are no longer influenced by transmitter signals coming from other devices.
    [093] Figure 11 shows the operation process for a second scenario, according to one realization. In 1110, the docking element is docked with the docking station. Therefore, the current signal is 'modified' and the RMMs adjust the operation of the respective radios in the same way. A user takes the element for fitting, for example, due to the user trying to respond to an incoming flame. The docking station detects, through its sensor, that there is no longer any physical fit in the 1120 detection loop.
    [094] In 1130, the docking station, using its radio, informs the element for fitting the discontinuation of the physical fitting. This does not trigger logical undocking, since the radios are still in variation, so that the logical docking ratio is continued in 1140.
    [095] In 1150, the control on the docking station changes the signal for its RMM to 'normal' and also introduces the control on the docking element, by means of its radio, that the physical docking has ended, and that it must change the signal trims your RMM to 'normal'. This allows link connectivity between the radios to be maintained, even as the distance increases between the docking element and the docking station. Connection performance is again influenced and reduced by other devices in the wireless environment.
    [096] Figure 12 shows the operation process for a third scenario, according to one realization. This scenario illustrated in Figure 12 follows the actions in the second scenario, illustrated in Figure 11. In 1210, once the user took the element off previously to answer a phone call, the current signal is 'normal', and RMMs adjust the operation of the respective radios in the same way. The control system of the docking station detects physical docking, again, by means of the sensor in the detection loop 1220. In 1230, the docking station informs the element for docking, using its radio, that the physical docking is closed. In 1240, the signals to both RMMs are set to 'modified' again.
    [097] Figure 13 shows the operation process for a fourth scenario, according to the realization. In the fourth scenario, an undocking action is triggered, for example, by pressing a button on the docking element, indicating that, for example, a user wants to undock.
    [098] In 1310, RMM is in the “modified” state. A detachment is triggered in the detection loop 1320. In 1330, in response to this triggering, the docking station and the docking element terminate the logical docking relationship. In 1340, both RMM signals are changed to 'normal' again. The user can take the element to fit and can start working with the application on the detached device.
    [099] In one embodiment, the docking station can function as a wireless transmission or provide Internet connectivity to the docking element, because it is connected to the Internet using a wired connection, for example, via an Ethernet cable . Therefore, this realization has the advantage that an RMM does not necessarily have to be designed to work on a packet basis and can maintain Internet connectivity while the RMM signal is 'modified'.
    [0100] This invention is applicable to: wireless docking, and other environments in which a wireless connection needs to be made in an obstructed radio environment, in which the user is free to place his wireless device in a certain fixed location .
    [0101] Certain realizations here provide a connection between a docking element and a docking station that is more difficult to monitor or obstruct from a distance. Commonly, encryption will be used for secure communications, but an extra layer of protection provided by the invention is an advantage over other wireless docking solutions.
    [0102] Although the above description of the various achievements places the 930 sensor in the docking station, and the initiative for many of the actions triggered by the sensor in the docking station controller, alternative embodiments provide the sensor in the docking element and the docking element controller taking the initiative. In a possible embodiment, the plug-in element uses an NFC sensor (near field communication RFID) to detect and scan an NFC indication present within the docking station.
    [0103] The previous detailed description established some of the many forms that the invention can achieve. It is intended that the above detailed description is understood as an illustration of the selected forms that the invention can obtain and not as a limitation on the definition of the invention. It is only the claims, including all equivalents that are intended to define the scope of this invention.
    [0104] More preferably, the principles of the invention are implemented as any combination of hardware, firmware and software. In addition, the software is preferably implemented as an application program realized in a tangible way in a program-readable storage unit or computer-readable storage medium consisting of parts, or certain devices and / or a combination of devices. The application program can be loaded and executed by a machine comprising any suitable architecture. Preferably, the machine is implemented on a computer platform having hardware, such as one or more central processing units ("CPUs"), a memory, and input / output interfaces. The computer platform can also include an operating system and instruction microcode. The various processes and functions described here can be part of the instruction microcode or part of the application program, or any combination of these, which can be executed by a CPU, whether this computer or processor is explicitly presented or not. In addition, several other peripheral units can be connected to the computer platform, such as an additional data storage unit and a printing unit.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    1. FITTING STATION (220) FOR WIRELESS FITTING WITH A FITTING ELEMENT (210) IN A SHARED RADIO SPECTRUM ENVIRONMENT USING A RADIO PATTERN WITH A COMMUNICATIONS TRANSMITTER SENSITIVITY MECHANISM (220, being the docking station (220 being the docking station) ) characterized by comprising: a radio (224); an antenna (222) connected to the radio (224), where the radio is configured to cause a modification of a transmitter sensitivity mechanism detection limit when a plug-in element (210) is plugged in to be larger than that of a detection limit of transmitter sensitivity mechanism when the plug-in element (210) is not attached.
    [0002]
    2. FITTING STATION (220), according to claim 1, characterized by still comprising a noise generator (226), in which the noise generator (226) transmits signals, thus creating the noise background of the signals received at the docking element A (210) at a level that masks radio transmissions in the radio environment other than the radio transmissions from the docking station (220).
    [0003]
    FITTING STATION (220), according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna (222) of the docking station (220) is directional, so that the signals transmitted from the docking station (220) are directed to the element for fit (210) when fitted.
    [0004]
    4. FITTING STATION (220), according to claim 1, characterized in that the docking station (220) is configured to provide transit energy control (TPC) reporting to a docking element that implements TPC (218), so that the docking station can provide feedback to the docking element to reduce the transmission power settings used by the docking element (210) when docked.
    [0005]
    FITTING STATION, according to claim 1, wherein the docking station is characterized by still comprising a sensor (930) for detecting physical fit between the docking element and the docking station; and a control system configured to alter said modification of a transmitter sensitivity mechanism detection limit, depending at least on the sensor readings.
    [0006]
    6. FITTING STATION, according to claim 5, wherein said modification is characterized by comprising increasing the sensitivity limit of the transmitter in an embedded state compared to a normal value.
    [0007]
    7. FITTING STATION, according to claim 6, characterized in that the docking station is further adapted to reduce, in said docked state, a signal power used for packet transmissions over the radio, preferably, only for the transmission of packages addressed to the docking element.
    [0008]
    8. FITTING STATION (620) FOR WIRELESS FITTING WITH A FITTING ELEMENT (610) IN A SHARED RADIO SPECTRUM ENVIRONMENT USING A RADIO STANDARD WITH A TRANSMITTER SENSITIVITY MECHANISM FOR COMMUNICATION WITH THE 620 FITTING STATION () , the docking station (620) being characterized by comprising: a radio connected to an antenna (622); and a radio absorber (630) having a slot (770) for insertion of the plug-in element, so that, by inserting the plug-in element, the radio absorber substantially surrounds the antenna (612) of the plug-in element, wherein the radio absorber is made of a radio-absorbing material to absorb the energy of passing radio signals.
    [0009]
    FITTING STATION (620), according to claim 8, characterized in that the absorber is made of a flexible radio absorption material and is configured to deform, in order to accept and substantially surround the antennas of different types of elements for fitting having a variation of sizes.
    [0010]
    FITTING STATION (620), according to claim 8, characterized in that it also comprises a shielding element (640) to reflect radio signals to the radio absorber (630).
    [0011]
    FITTING STATION (620), according to claim 8, characterized in that the shielding element (640) is incorporated in the radio absorber (630).
    [0012]
    FITTING STATION (620) according to claim 8, wherein the radio absorber (630) is a foam characterized by comprising a conducting material.
    [0013]
    13. WIRELESS FITTING SYSTEM IN A SHARED RADIO SPECTRUM ENVIRONMENT, characterized by comprising a fitting element (910) configured with a radio (916) connected to an antenna (918) using a radio standard with a sensitivity mechanism communications transmitter and a docking station as defined in any one of claims 1 to 11.
    [0014]
    14. WIRELESS FITTING SYSTEM, as defined in claim 12, wherein the fitting element is further characterized by a control system for alternating the operation of a fitting element radio (916) between at least a first mode and a second way.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    RU2014135521A|2016-03-27|
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    JP2015515158A|2015-05-21|
    JP6110878B2|2017-04-05|
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    WO2013114263A1|2013-08-08|
    EP2823372B2|2021-08-11|
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    EP2823372B1|2018-09-19|
    EP2823372A1|2015-01-14|
    CN104094187A|2014-10-08|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-01-14| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-10-13| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-12-15| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 28/01/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
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